ADHD and Self-Harm:

ADHD and Self-Harm: Understanding the Link

When people think of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), they often picture difficulties with focus, restlessness, or impulsive behaviour. But for many, ADHD also comes with emotional challenges that can be just as significant, and sometimes, these struggles are linked to self-harm.

Why is self-harm more common in ADHD?

Research shows that people with ADHD are at a higher risk of self-harm compared to the general population. ADHD itself doesn’t “cause” self-harm, but several traits and experiences can increase vulnerability:

• Emotional intensity: Many people with ADHD feel emotions more strongly and may find it harder to calm down when overwhelmed.

• Impulsivity: Acting on a thought in the heat of the moment can mean a fleeting urge to self-harm is more likely to be acted upon.

• Low self-esteem: Repeated experiences of criticism, rejection, or struggling at school or work can leave people feeling hopeless or “not good enough.”

• Co-occurring conditions: Anxiety, depression, or substance use (which are common alongside ADHD) can raise risk further.

For some, self-harm may become a way to manage overwhelming emotions or to feel a temporary sense of relief. But over time, it can make emotional pain worse and create new difficulties.

What can help?

• Understanding the link: Recognising that ADHD traits such as impulsivity and emotional dysregulation contribute to self-harm risk can help people feel less alone and reduce shame.

• Professional support: ADHD treatment (medication, therapy, coaching) can reduce impulsivity and improve coping. Therapies like CBT or DBT, adapted for ADHD, can be especially helpful.

• Peer support: Speaking with others who understand the daily realities of ADHD can reduce feelings of isolation.

• Safety strategies: Creating a “safety plan” writing down warning signs, coping techniques, and who to call, can help in moments of crisis. Please see our safety plan blog with a free PDF template.

UK Support for ADHD

If you or someone you know is struggling, these UK-based organisations offer resources, support groups, and community spaces:

• ADHD UK – National charity offering information, advocacy, and online support groups.

• ADHD Aware – Peer support groups online and in person (Brighton-based but UK-wide access).

• ADDISS – Information and resources for families and individuals.

• UKAAN – Directory of adult ADHD support groups across the UK.

• Centre for ADHD & Autism Support – Services for people and families in London and beyond.

• ADHD Foundation – A neurodiversity charity offering support, training, and resources.

⚠️ If you are in immediate danger of acting on self-harm urges, please call 999 or go to A&E

For urgent emotional support, you can also contact Samaritans (116 123, free 24/7).